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Herschel
Space Observatory

An ESA Mission
with Participation from NASA

Nhsc2010-006a

Jets Carve Out Big Hole

The dark hole seen in the green cloud at the top of this image was likely carved out by multiple jets and blasts of radiation. The hole was originally thought to be a really dark cloud, but this new infrared picture from the Herschel space observatory and the National Optical Astronomy Observatory on Kitt Peak near Tucson, reveals that the dark spot is actually a gap in a "nest" of gas and dust containing fledgling stars. Herschel's infrared eyes are designed to see into clouds, so the fact that it saw a dark patch of space told astronomers that they were indeed looking at a hole.

The glowing, green cloud around the hole is called NGC 1999. It contains a fairly bright star, called V38O Ori, which is heating up the dust and creating the bright greenish glow. V380 Ori is a triple star system - one of these three stars appears to have launched a jet that helped clear the hole, as well as other jets and stellar radiation.

The red, filamentary glow extending through the middle of the image is a cloud of cold, dense gas and dust -- the raw material from which new stars are forming. Three new, embryonic stars can bee seen as the triangle of orangish, yellow-white spots. Bipolar jets are visible streaming out of one of these stars in blue. The dark region below and to the right of the top orange-white star of the triangle is thought to be another hole carved by jets from the star. This possible hole is not yet lit up by a star, as is the case with the hole seen above it.

Shorter-wavelength infrared light captured by the "NEWFIRM" camera at the National Optical Astronomy Observatory is colored blue, while longer-wavelength infrared light seen by the photodetector array camera and spectrometer instrument on Herschel is green and red.

Image Details
Date
May 11, 2010
ID
nhsc2010-006a
Type
Observation
Credit
ESA/NASA/JPL-Caltech/AURA/NSF/Univ. of Toledo
Object Details
Name
NGC 1999
HH 1
HH 2
Subject | Milky Way
Nebula Type Star Formation
Nebula Appearance Dark
Distance
Lightyears 1,500
Constellation
Orion
Color Mapping
Telescope Spectral Band Color Assigment Wavelength
KPNO 4m (NEWFIRM) Infrared (H-band) Blue 1.6 µm
KPNO 4m (NEWFIRM) Infrared (K-band) Cyan 2.0 µm
Herschel (PACS) Infrared (Far-IR) Green 70.0 µm
Herschel (PACS) Infrared (Far-IR) Red 160.0 µm